Mechanical movement



March 26, 1946. A. s.. KING 2,397,147

MECHANICAL MOVEMENT I r Filed July 31, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTOKNE).

A. 5. KING MECHANICAL MOVEMENT March 26, 1946.

Filed July 51, 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTQR.

4/2774 52 V ATTOEIVE Patented Mar. 26, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MECHANICAL MOVEMENT Arthur. SrKing, Kansas City, Mo.

Application July31, 1944; Serial No. 547,495

7 Claims. (01. 74-40) This invention relates to structure for increasing the efficiency of engines and particularly. that type. of prime mover having a reciprocating piston, a main crank shaft, and conventional connecting rod, with which is associated the parts made to embody the present invention.

One of the main objects is to provide in. an engine of the aforementioned character, means for increasing the efliciency thereof resulting from greater leverage due to the inclusion in the engine assembly of an auxiliary crank shaft, structure interconnecting the said auxiliary crank shaft and main crank shaft, to. insure synchronized rotation, and a specially formed. and disposed link attached to the connecting rod'of the engine to one side of, the oifset pins thereof beneath each piston.

Other objects of the invention include-thespecific details of construction about to be described by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross sectionalview through an engine of the internal combustion type having means for increasing the efliciency, constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line. 11-11 of Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 1 with the auxiliary parts of the engine in a different position.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on. line IV-IV of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a modified form of the invention wherein. is included a plurality of links joining the main and. auxiliary crank shafts in lieu of the single link illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive.

The numeral I I) designates one cylinder of a conventional internal. combustion engine, while I2 indicates the piston reciprocably mounted in the cylinder to actuate a connection rod I4, specially joined to main crank shaft I6. Crank shaft I5 is of conventional. type in that it is equipped with offset pins II! to oneside of the main longitudinal axis.

An auxiliary crank shaft 20, identical with crank shaft I5, is supplied when an engine embodying means for increasing the efliciency thereof is to be constructed. The crank case22 houses both the main crank shaft I6 and the auxiliary crank shaft 20 and bearings 24 and 26' journal these crank shafts 20 and. I6 respectively.

Structure interconnecting. the two crank shafts I6; and 28 is here shown to be a train of gears capable of insuring synchronized rotation during operation. Gear 28 is secured to crank shaft I6 and gear 38 is secured to crank shaft 20. An idler pinion 32 in mesh with both gears 28- and 38 is rotatably mounted upon a stub shaft 34 on one wall of crank case 22.

Connecting rod I4 is bifurcated as at 36 to straddle one end of the specially formed link 38. This link is straight and joined at' its one end to connecting rod I4 through the medium of a pin 40. The other end'of link 38 is in the form of a bearing 42' which journals offset pin 44 of the auxiliary crank shaft 20. The distance between the ends of pin 44 is, therefore, great'enough to allow clearance as is the case with respect to pin I 8.

Pin I 8 is joined to link 38 intermediate its ends and the added leverage defined by the distance between the center of pin I8 and pin 40, is the factor governing the amount of increased efliciency when the two aforesaid crank shafts are in parallelism withv their axes in a plane substantially perpendicular to the plane of the path of travel of piston I2.

Three distinct positions. of link 38 are shown in Figs. 1 and 3. They piston I2. is at the upper end of its path of travel when in the dotted line position shown in Fig. 3. The lowermost position of piston I2 is shown in full. lines of Figs. 1 and 3thus the length of the path of travel of piston I2 is the same when link 38 is held, as illustrated and described, as though connecting rod I 4 were attached directly to offset pin I8 of crank shaft I6. To insure full operating efliciency, the axis of crank shaft I6 is offset from the axis of piston I2 a distance equal to the distance between the centers of pins l8 and 48.

The illustrated embodiment of the invention diagrammatically shown in Fig, 5, indicates that an advantage is gained when the linkage between connecting rod I08, crank shaft I82', and auxiliary crank shaft I04 is in the form of two links. The longer link I06 has connection with connecting rod I 00 at its one end, while the other end of long link I 06 is joined to a shorter link' I08. This shorter link has connection with the offset pin I I8 ofauxiliary crank shaft I04 and the distances between the points of connection are such as to cause point of connection between long link I06 and short link I08, to lag behind the point of connection between theshorter link I08. and the offset. pin III! of auxiliary crank shaft I04.

The major axes of crank shafts I82 and I I34 are vertically offset a distance equal to the length of short link I88 when this form of the invention is followed, but gears II! and H4 on crank shafts lelism thereto;

7 nec n I02 and m respectively, serve with pinion us, to

synchronize the rotary motion-of the two crank shafts. The downward force exerted by the pis-v ton (not here shown), on connecting rod I00,,is

' multiplied and movement is started with a relathe double linkage, just Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Let: ters Patent is: 7 1. In an engine having a crank shaft, including offset pins, reciprocating pistons and a connecting I rod for each piston; an auxiliary crank shaft hav ing offset pins of like throw characteristics as the crank shaft of the engine and disposed in parallelism thereto; structure interconnecting the crank shaft'and theauxiliary crank shaft to insure synchronized rotation thereof in the same di rection; and a link joining opposed offset pins of the first mentioned crank shaft, the auxiliary crank shaft and the connectingrod of one of the pistons, said link being of fixed length.

2. In an engine having a crank shaft, includin oifset pins, reciprocating pistons and a connecting rod for each piston; an auxiliary crank shaft having offset pins of like throw characteristics as the crank shaft of the engine and disposed in paralstructure interconnecting the crank shaft and the auxiliary crank shaft to in,- sure synchronized rotation thereof in the same direction; and a link'joining opposed offset pins of the first mentioned crank shaft, the auxiliary crank shaft and the connecting rod of one of the pistons, said link being of fixed length, said link being longer than the distance between the offset pins of the crank shafts to which it is connected and having the connecting rod joined to one end I ing longitudinally 7 the crank shaft a distance substantially the same 7 as the distance between the points of 00111160151011.

thereof, the auxiliary crank shaft being joinedto the opposite end thereof and said crank shaft of the engine being joined to the link at a point in termediate its end.

3. In an engine havinga crank shaft, including offset pins, reciprocating pistons and a connecting rod for each piston; an auxiliary crank shafthaving offset pins of like throw characteristics as the crank shaft of the engine and disposed in parallelismthereto; structure interconnecting the crankshaft and the auxiliary crank shaft to insure synchronizedrotation thereof in the same direction; and a link joining opposed offset pins of the first mentioned crank shaft, the auxiliary crank shaft and the connecting rod of one of the pistons, said link being of fixed length longer than thedistance between the offset pins of the crank shafts to which it is connected and having the rod joined to one end thereof, the auxiliary crank shaft being joined to the opposite end thereofand said crank shaft of the engine being joinedto the link at a point intermediate its ends,

' said link being straight and disposed to maintain a position substantially perpendicular to the path oftravelofl the piston as the crank shafts are rotated. 4. In an engine having a crank shaft, includin offset pins,reciprocating pistons and a connecting rod for each piston; an auxiliary crank shaft having offset pins of like throw characteristics a the crank shaft of the engine and disposed in parallelism thereto; structure interconnecting the crank pinion in mesh with said gears.

shaft and the auxiliary crank shaft to insure syn- 'chronized rotation thereof in the same direction; and a link joining opposed offset pins of the first mentioned crank shaft, the auxiliary crank shaft 7 and the connecting rod of one of the pistons, said link being of fixed length longer than the distance between the offset pins of the crank shafts to which it is connected and having the connecting rod joined to one end thereof, the auxiliary crank of the first mentioned crank shaft, the auxiliary crank shaft and the connecting rod of one of the pistons, said interconnecting'structure comprising gears of like diameters on the engine crank shaft and the auxiliary crank shaft, and an idler 6. In an engine having a crank shaft, including offset pins, reciprocating pistons and as the crank shaft crank shaftand the auxiliarycrank shaft to insure synchronized rotation thereof 7 in the same direction; and a pair of articulated links joining opposed offset pins of'thefirst mentioned crank othrend of the longer of the .pin joined to the saidv longer link intermediate, the ends thereof.

. ing one end and the offset pin of the auxiliary shaft and the auxiliary crank shaft, one of said links being relatively short and interconnecting one end of the longer link of the pair thereof and V the offset pin of the auxiliary crank shaft, the link being joined 'to'the connecting rod of one of the pistons, the offset pin crank shaft of the engine having its offset 7.: In an engine having a crank shaft,including offset pins, reciprocatingpistons and a connecting rod for'each piston; anauxiliary crank shaft having offset pins of like throw characteristics asthe crank shaft of the engine and disposed in parallelism thereto structure interconnecting auxiliary crank shaft said links being relatively short and interconnectof the longer link of the pair thereof I V crank shaft, the other end of the longer link being joined to the connecting rod of one of the pistons,,the'oifset pin of the crank shaft to the path of travel of the piston a connect ing rod for each piston; an auxiliary crank shaft having offset pins of like throw characteristics 7 of the engine and disposed in. parallelism thereto; structure interconnecting the of the engine having its. offset pinjoined to the said longer link intermediate the ends thereofysaidcra'nk shafts'beingoif;

set vertically a distance slightly less than the whereby to cause the point of connection between length of the said shorter link, and the throw ofi the said longer link and said shorter link to lag the auxiliary crank shaft, the distance between behind the point of connection between the shortthe points of connection between the engine crank er link and the offset pin of the auxiliary crank shaft pin and the longer link and the shorter link I shaft.

and said longer link being greater than the dis-; ARTHUR S. KING. tance between the axes of said crank shafts, 

